{"id":2802,"date":"2019-07-12T11:16:18","date_gmt":"2019-07-12T08:16:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/favorite-news.com\/vi\/bai-hoc-xay-duong-sat-cao-toc-cua-trung-quoc\/"},"modified":"2019-07-12T11:16:18","modified_gmt":"2019-07-12T08:16:18","slug":"bai-hoc-xay-duong-sat-cao-toc-cua-trung-quoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/favorite-news.com\/vi\/bai-hoc-xay-duong-sat-cao-toc-cua-trung-quoc\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc x\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Theo Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WB), t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2008 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o khai th\u00e1c h\u01a1n 25.000 km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c (HSR), nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n t\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi GDP tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 7.000 USD \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

V\u1eady qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p quy ho\u1ea1ch, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n HSR nhanh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? Trong k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch suy gi\u1ea3m, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh ph\u00ed v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, kinh t\u1ebf?<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WB) \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

“Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00e0y v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft, thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng du l\u1ecbch v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. M\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0111i l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai”, Martin Raiser, Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a WB t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, cho bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

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Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi 3 lo\u1ea1i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9: 200 km\/h, 250 km\/h v\u00e0 350 km\/h t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2008 \u0111\u1ebfn 2017.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a WB, nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, \u0111\u01b0a ra khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c. K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft Trung v\u00e0 D\u00e0i h\u1ea1n (MLTRP) c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn 15 n\u0103m v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch 5 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng cho c\u00e1c qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean t\u1edbi 1.200 km. Gi\u00e1 v\u00e9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi xe bus, m\u00e1y bay v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng kho\u1ea3ng 1\/4 so v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 v\u00e9 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng 1,7 t\u1ef7 h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch m\u1ed7i n\u0103m t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp thu nh\u1eadp. C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1edbi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Chi ph\u00ed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c trung b\u00ecnh kho\u1ea3ng 17 – 21 tri\u1ec7u USD\/km, ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 2\/3 so v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c. N\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc theo t\u1eebng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3. Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7o t\u1ea1o k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t “h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i” c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a WB c\u0169ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2015, t\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1t 8%, cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u1ed1n t\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. L\u1ee3i \u00edch bao g\u1ed3m r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian di chuy\u1ec3n, t\u1ea1o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y du l\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n

M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c c\u0169ng gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, tai n\u1ea1n, t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh khi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng sang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong lo\u1ea1t 5 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 giao th\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c – \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1c, giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, c\u1ea3ng bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba – \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh TransFORM, do WB v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u1eb1m chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m giao th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[ad_1] Theo Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WB), t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2008 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o khai th\u00e1c h\u01a1n 25.000 km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c (HSR), nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n t\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi GDP […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2803,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2802","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ban-tin-tai-chinh"],"yoast_head":"\nB\u00e0i h\u1ecdc x\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c - Favorite News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/favorite-news.com\/vi\/bai-hoc-xay-duong-sat-cao-toc-cua-trung-quoc\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc x\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c - 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